POVZETEK

Zemeljski plazovi povzročajo v cestogradnji velike probleme. Zato je poznavanje vzrokov njihovega nastanka odločujočega pomena za možnost preprečitve splazitev ali pravilno sanacijo splazele mase.

Plazenje je posledica delovanja eksogenih, endogenih in tudi kozmičnih sil. Pogosta nestabilnost na pobočjih se pojavlja pri tako imenovanih kritičnih hribinah in zemljinah. To so kamenine s slabimi geomehanskimi karakteristikami, katerih prisotnost je v Sloveniji precejšnja. Pomembni faktor za labilnost kamenin pa je vsekakor voda, ki v vseh svojih oblikah pripomore, da se geomehanske karakteristike kamenin močno poslabšajo. Najbolj neugodni dotoki vode so relativno kratki a bogati nalivi, ki so na našem ozemlju v zadnjih letih pogosti.

Članek vsebuje poleg različnih razvrstitev plazov tudi začasne oziroma prve in trajne sanacijske ukrepe.

SUMMARY

Landslides represent a great problem in road construction. The causes of their origin are of significant importance to prevent sliding or to achieve the restoration of the sliding soil. Landslides are the consequence of the activity of exogenous, endogenous as well as cosmic forces. The frequent instability on slopes appears with so called »criticaly« compact rocks and soil. These are rocks with bad geomechanical characteristics, which are often found in Slovenia.

The significant factor for the lability of rocks is water, which causes, in all its forms, the deterioration of geomechanical characteristics of minerals. The most damaging inflows of water are the relatively short but abundant rain showers which have been quite frequent the last few years in our area.

In addition to various classifications of landslides, the article contains temporary of initial and permanent restorative measures.